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Battle
of Plymouth
16 August 1652.
(source: british-civil-wars.
Commonwealth and Protectorate. By David Plant, 2001 - 6.)
This battle is of
some importance in the naval carreer of de Ruyter. It was the first
time that he commanded an entire fleet. Heretofore he had only
commanded a squadron (either the van or the rear) under M.A. Tromp.
His opponent in this battle was the General-at-Sea Sir
George Ayscue, the
two men had befriended each other earlier, and stayed friends
throughout the years as circumstances permitted. A narrative in Dutch
and from Dutch sources can be found under
Slag
bij Plymouth.
 |
Sir George Ayscue.
(National Maritime
Museum, Greenwich.) |
(All dates are in the
Julian Calender)
On 13 August 1652, the Dutch admiral Michiel de Ruyter set sail from
Calais with 32 men-of-war to escort a merchant fleet of 60 ships
through the Channel to the Mediterranean. General-at-Sea George Ayscue
was patrolling with 38 men-of-war and armed merchantmen in search of
prizes. He sighted the Dutch convoy off Plymouth on 15 August. De
Ruyter altered course to fend off Ayscue's attack.
Although the English ships were in the majority, and were better armed,
many of them failed to keep their station in the line of attack, and
Ayscue lost the advantage, The battle continued all afternoon. As
evening fell Ayscue broke off the engagement and sailed back to
Plymouth. He was pursued by de Ruyter, who intended to attack the
English ships in their anchorage until a change of wind forced him to
withdraw. No ships were lost, but both sides suffered heavy casualties
among their crews.
The Dutch merchant convoy
succeeded in escaping through the Channel.
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